Koncepcija općenarodne obrane i društvene samozaštite – militarizam samoupravnoga socijalizma The Conception of Total People"s Defence and Social Self-Protection : The Militarism of Self-Governing Socialism - Marijan, Davor (2021)
Koncepcija općenarodne obrane i društvene samozaštite, kako se od sredine 1970-ih zvao jugoslavenski obrambeno-zaštitni sustav, počela se provoditi nakon invazije zemalja Varšavskoga ugovora na Čehoslovačku u kolovozu 1968. Jugoslavenski komunisti smatrali su da se takvoj, iznenadnoj i uspješnoj agresiji mogu učinkovito suprotstaviti samo organiziranim angažmanom svih raspoloživih potencijala društva na temelju svojega revolucionarnog iskustva i promišljanja klasika marksizma o naoružanome narodu. Tako je počela nastajati obrambena koncepcija koja je osjetno opteretila društvo, povećala ionako velike financijske izdatke za vojsku i potaknula militarizaciju društva. Premda je istovremeno s obrambenom funkcijom problematizirana i funkcija sigurnosti društva pod imenom društvena samozaštita, pravi poticaj za njezino teorijsko i praktično uobličavanje dao je upad naoružane skupine Feniks u Jugoslaviju u ljeto 1972. No do koliko-toliko učinkovite fuzije tih dvaju zaštitnih kompleksa doći će tek 1979. osnivanjem komiteta za općenarodnu obranu i društvenu samozaštitu, koji su u obrambeno-zaštitnom sustavu trebali osigurati rukovodeću ulogu Saveza komunista Jugoslavije.
The conception of total people"s defence and social self-protection, as the Yugoslav defence-protection system was called, began to be implemented after the Warsaw Pact countries" invasion of Czechoslovakia in August 1968. Yugoslav communists believed that this sudden and successful aggression could be effectively opposed only through the organised engagement of all available societal potentials, based on its revolutionary experience and reflections on Marxist classics regarding arming the populace. This was the beginning of a conception of defence that visibly burdened the society, increased the already large military budget, and prompted the militarisation of society. Although the security of society, called social self-protection, was discussed at the same time as defence, the true impetus for its theoretical and practical formation was the infiltration of the paramilitary cell Feniks (Phoenix) into Yugoslavia in summer 1972. In contrast to total people"s defence, whose implementation was considered successful, the implementation of social self-protection ran into numerous problems because security was from 1945 to 1966 exclusively the responsibility of the security service, and therefore difficult to accept in other social structures. For this reason, on several occasions the League of Communists initiated its acceptance on all levels of organisation in party and social-political structures. A relatively efficient fusion of these two protective complexes was achieved only in 1979, after the founding of committees for total people"s defence and social self-protection, which were supposed to secure the leading role of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia in the defence-security system.
Bibliografija
Summary.
Keywords: Jugoslavija; Hrvatska; Savez komunista Jugoslavije; obrana, sigurnost; militarizam